In a recent gathering, titled "Artificial Intelligence and the Future Society," organized by the artificial intelligence desk of the Research Institute of Cultural, Social and Civilization Studies, experts from various institutions shared their insights on the role of artificial intelligence in shaping the future. This conference brought together notable individuals, including Dr. Hassan Bashiri, Dr. Hui Li, Dr. Mohammad Hosseini Moghadam, and Dr. Sadra Khosravi, all renowned in their respective fields.

Dr. Hassan Bashiri, a faculty member in the Computer Engineering Department at Hamedan University of Technology, presented a comprehensive overview of the opportunities that artificial intelligence offers to Iran's public sector. His presentation comprised three key sections. First, he delved into fundamental artificial intelligence concepts, including learning and its various techniques. Subsequently, Dr. Bashiri explored the implications of governance and the potential it holds for the public sector, emphasizing the importance of data and its processing in yielding effective analyses. In the final part of his presentation, he offered recommendations for governance strategies in Iran.
The significance of learning within the realm of artificial intelligence was a central theme, with Dr. Bashiri examining the evolution of this capability, spanning machine learning, deep learning, reinforcement learning, and their historical developments. Notably, Dr. Bashiri pointed out that smart machines and computers have surpassed human intelligence in terms of accuracy, a development with far-reaching implications for society.
Artificial intelligence governance, another pivotal topic, was explored through case studies, including the Chinese social validation system project, implemented since 2016, which serves as a prime example of governance in the AI domain. Dr. Bashiri's presentation concluded with a discussion of the expansion of artificial intelligence in countries like Germany, Estonia, America, Canada, and Iran.

Following this, Dr. Hui Li, a key member of the team responsible for the China Artificial Intelligence document and an organizer of international AI forums in China, took the stage. Dr. Li discussed the significance of artificial intelligence governance and its evolution in China. He detailed the three phases of AI governance in China, spanning from 2015 to the present day.
Dr. Li's presentation also shed light on the application of artificial intelligence in governance. He elaborated on the long-term vision of programs like "Digital China" and the "2522 program," which focuses on digital infrastructure, integration of digital technology into various domains, innovation, security, and international cooperation. Dr. Li emphasized China's commitment to data sharing and exchange with other nations.
In the final segment of the conference, Dr. Hui Li introduced some of the noteworthy projects and programs undertaken by China in the field of artificial intelligence development. These insights collectively contribute to a better understanding of the global landscape of artificial intelligence and its role in shaping our future society.

Dr. Mohammad Hosseini Moghadam's speech titled "The impact of Artificial intelligence on China’s Science and Technology Landscape ":
"China's AI ambitions are driven by realism, futurism, datacracy, and socialism. The Chinese government has made AI a top priority, and Chinese companies and researchers are making significant breakthroughs in the field. China's AI ambitions are likely to have a major impact on the global science and technology landscape in the years to come."
Here is a more specific and detailed summary of Dr. Moghadam's speech:
Realism
China's realist approach to AI is evident in its focus on developing self-reliance in key technologies and its willingness to cooperate with other countries to achieve its goals. For example, China has invested heavily in its domestic chip industry in an effort to reduce its reliance on foreign suppliers. However, China has also partnered with foreign companies on AI research and development projects.
One example of China's realist approach to AI is its diplomatic efforts to face US sanctions on the sale of chips from companies such as Nvidia. By engaging with the US government and the chipmakers, China is trying to find a way to get the chips it needs without compromising its own technological development.
Futurism
China's futurist approach to AI is evident in its vision of becoming a global leader in AI research and development. The Chinese government has set ambitious goals for AI development, including becoming the world's premier AI innovation center by 2030.
China's futurist approach to AI is also evident in its support for long-term research projects. For example, the Chinese government has launched a $40 billion state fund to boost the chip industry. This investment will help China to develop the chips it needs to power its AI systems in the future.
Datacracy
China's massive data advantage is a key driver of its AI ambitions. Chinese tech giants such as Alibaba, Tencent, and Baidu have some of the world's largest datasets. This data is used to train AI systems in a wide range of fields, including computer vision, natural language processing, and machine translation.
The Chinese government has also played a role in expanding China's data advantage. For example, the government has enacted policies to aggregate administrative, criminal, and financial data into integrated national databases. This data can be used to train AI systems for a variety of purposes, such as improving public safety and detecting fraud.
Socialism
The Chinese government's socialist approach to development has allowed it to mobilize resources and coordinate efforts to advance AI research and development. For example, the government has established central planning mechanisms to allocate resources to AI research projects. The government has also provided subsidies and investments to support the development of AI companies.
The Chinese government's socialist approach to AI is also evident in its emphasis on AI governance. The government has developed a number of policies and regulations to guide the development and use of AI in China. These policies are designed to ensure that AI is used in a safe and ethical manner.
Impact on China's Science and Technology Landscape
China's AI ambitions are having a major impact on its science and technology landscape. AI is accelerating innovation in China, enhancing the efficiency of existing processes, and paving the way for novel products and services. This is fueling rapid growth in China's scientific and technological sector.
AI is also fostering new industries and job opportunities in China. The demand for skilled professionals in data science, machine learning, and software engineering is increasing. This is providing a myriad of opportunities for Chinese workers and entrepreneurs.
AI is also revolutionizing China's educational system. New pedagogical methodologies are being developed, and personalized learning is being facilitated. This is elevating the quality of education in China.
Finally, AI is being leveraged to tackle China's most pressing challenges, such as climate change, poverty, and healthcare. This is rendering China a more sustainable and resilient nation.
Conclusion
China's AI ambitions are driven by realism, futurism, datacracy, and socialism. The Chinese government has made AI a top priority, and Chinese companies and researchers are making significant breakthroughs in the field. China's AI ambitions are likely to have a major impact on the global science and technology landscape in the years to come.
In addition to the above, here are some other specific examples of the impact of AI on China's science and technology landscape:
- Chinese AI companies are developing new technologies to improve the efficiency of manufacturing and agriculture. For example, AI-powered robots are being used to assemble cars and harvest crops.
- AI is being used to develop new medical treatments and diagnostic tools. For example, AI-powered systems are being used to develop new drugs and to diagnose diseases more accurately.
- AI is being used to develop new educational technologies. For example,
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Hassan Bashiri Mohammad Hoseini Moghadam Hui Li Sadra Khosravi